Why does a person need comfort? The answer is simple - living so much nicer. A house that retains heat perfectly in winter and saves you from sweltering heat in summer is a comfortable home. And you can build it out of glued beams. This material has the excellent properties that it receives in the manufacturing process. All stages of production must be strictly observed. We have collected interesting information for you. Take a few minutes to read and you will understand how to make quality glued beams.
The main stages of production
The production of glued beams is a complex set of works. To implement it, you need:
- modern equipment;
- professional workers;
- quality wood;
- exact observance of all technological processes;
- reliable control at every stage of manufacturing.
Providing these conditions leads to a positive result. The technological process for the production of glued beams can be divided into the following main stages:
- Sawing wood into boards.
- Selection of the obtained material (lamellas).
- Drying in special chambers.
- Planing and re-sorting.
- Cutting out and marking of lamellas.
- Profile milling.
- Trimming along the length.
- Bonding and pressing.
- Finishing (milling and planing).
Let's take a closer look at all the basic technological operations in order.
1. Sawing - production begins with it
Longitudinal sawing of logs is the first stage of production. From round logs, lamellas are obtained - rectangular boards, which are subsequently used for the production of timber. Unedged boards and slabs, which are also formed during the sawing process, are discarded.
To get a quality glued beam, the dimensions of the lamellas are carefully maintained.
2. Selection - control is very important
After sawing, lamellas are selected in length. The characteristics of glued beams depend on the quality of the wood. Therefore, at this stage, external inspection and separation of lamellas by grades and lots is carried out. In bona fide manufacturers, the timber of one batch is always identical in its physical and visual parameters.
3. Drying - why is it needed
Drying of lamels is made in special chambers. Depending on the type of timber produced and the type of glue used, the residual moisture content of the dried billets can be from 8 to 12%. The high-quality implementation of this production stage allows us to avoid the drying of the finished timber after the construction of the house in the future.
4. Planing of lamellas and their sorting - we determine the strength
After drying, they plan the lamellas. They are given the final shape and re-sorted. Re-selection is done to determine the strength of the workpieces. There is a special standard DIN 4074-S10, which must be strictly observed.
5. Cutting and marking - down with defective areas
Wood is a natural material.Therefore, inside any log there may be hidden areas that must be removed during the production of timber. Such defects include:
- cracks;
- big knots;
- uneven edges;
- slopes.
When they are identified, trimming and marking of defective areas is performed.
6. Profile milling - why is it produced?
In the manufacturing process, the blanks (lamellas) have different lengths. And in the finished form, the glued beam profile has strictly defined standards. In order to obtain the lamellas of the required size, profile milling is performed - the teeth of the desired configuration are cut out at the ends of the lamellas.
7. Cross-cutting lamellae in length - standards must be uniform
The length of glued beams depends on production standards. In contrast to the usual analogue, it is possible to produce products of any size in the manufacture of adhesive beams. To obtain the required length, trimming is carried out - gluing the lamellas along the length.
8. Bonding and pressing glued beams - the finish is close
Glue application is carried out on special machines. The thinnest glue layer (up to 1% of the finished timber volume) provides a solid connection of lamellas into a single product.
Glue for glued beam happens:
- melamine;
- resorcinol;
- polyurethane.
Pressing allows you to get blanks of various sizes.
The most common glued beam section:
- 200x200 mm;
- 150x150 mm;
- 100x100 mm.
9. Planing and milling of finished timber - final finishing is completed
The final stage of production is the finishing of finished products.After final drying, planing and milling are carried out. Grinding glued beams completes the process.
What is an insulated glued beam?
The thermal conductivity of glued beams is extremely low. Therefore, this material is perfect for building houses. But on the market there is also an insulated glued beam. It is significantly different from the natural analogue, because it contains inserts (blocks) of synthetic materials and is, in fact, a multilayer panel.
The manufacture of glued beams is a rather complicated and expensive process. Only a few enterprises can competently implement it. Therefore, when buying glued beams, pay special attention to the manufacturer.
The following video demonstrates the stages of production of glued beams: